The Tonawanda Senecas' Heroic Battle Against Removal

The definitive eighteenth- and nineteenth-century history of the Tonawanda Senecas of western New York State. The remarkable story of the Tonawanda Senecas in the face of overwhelming odds is the centerpiece of this landmark community study. In the six decades prior to the Civil War, they wrestled with pressures from land companies; the local, state, and federal officials' policies to acquire tribal lands and remove the Indians; misguided Quakers who believed they knew what was best for the Indi