The Mandible

The fine osteological and radiological anatomy involved in dental and oral surgery has progressed greatly in recent years, especially in the field of dental implants. In dental implant surgery, the maxilla and mandible are the operative fields. The frequent complications of dental implants on the maxilla are bleeding and iatrogenic maxillary sinusitis, but these are less likely to be life-threatening injuries. However, dental implant surgery of the mandible can lead to serious complications such