Survival: August–September 2025

Survival , the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue: · Following US and Israeli airstrikes, Mark Fitzpatrick assesses Iran’s residual nuclear capabilities, its freshly intensified resentment and its perceived need to defensively arm itself · Anna M. Gielas argues that humans must be kept actively engaged in artificial-intelligence interfaces used in autonomous warfare to prese