Summary of Carl T. Bergstrom & Jevin D. West's Calling Bullshit

Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book. Book Preview: #1 Bullshit is not a modern invention. It has its origins in deception, which is not a new phenomenon. Animals have been deceiving one another for hundreds of millions of years. #2 The marine crustacean mantis shrimp is a good example of how bullshit is not very sophisticated. They have to molt to replace their hammer claws, which are hard and protected by a shell, but they are still vulnerable during that time.