Stochastic Approximation and Recursive Algorithms and Applications (2nd ed.)

The basic stochastic approximation algorithms introduced by Robbins and MonroandbyKieferandWolfowitzintheearly1950shavebeenthesubject of an enormous literature, both theoretical and applied. This is due to the large number of applications and the interesting theoretical issues in the analysis of “dynamically de?ned” stochastic processes. The basic paradigm is a stochastic di?erence equation such as ? = ? + Y , where ? takes n+1 n n n n its values in some Euclidean space, Y is a random variable,