Smart Card. Research and Applications

Smart cards have been driven by the need for a secure, portable, computing platform. Hence it is no surprise that security considerations dominated their research. The CARDIS conferences were created to provide a forum for this research. CARDIS 1998 is the third international conference on Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications, held in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, 14-16 Sept- ber 1998. The ?rst CARDIS was held in Lille, France in November 1994, and the second was held in Amsterdam, The Net