Reformulation: Nonsmooth, Piecewise Smooth, Semismooth and Smoothing Methods

The concept of "reformulation" has long been playing an important role in mathematical programming. A classical example is the penalization technique in constrained optimization that transforms the constraints into the objective function via a penalty function thereby reformulating a constrained problem as an equivalent or approximately equivalent unconstrained problem. More recent trends consist of the reformulation of various mathematical programming prob­ lems, including variational inequalit