Peter of Spain

This volume presents an English translation of Petrus Hispanus Portugalensis’ (d. 1277) Tractatus — called afterwards Summulae Logicales — on the basis of the critical edition established by L. M. de Rijk (1972). The Summulae ’s first part (I-V) introduces Aristotelian ideas familiar enough at the time to be called Old Logic; the second (VI-XII) studies properties of terms, then considered novelties of Modern Logic. The two most important properties of terms were Supposition (meaning-as-referenc