Laparoscopic Anatomy of the Pelvic Floor

Gynaecological surgery has made tremendous strides in the last 30 years, due to advances in medical imaging, operative laparoscopy, and new types of prosthesis. Reconstructive plastic surgery of pelvic organ prolapse and of urinary incontinence have benefited from these developments. The laparoscopic sacropopexy and laparoscopic lateral suspension with meshes are two excellent examples. In order to successfully perform these operations, detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the pelvic floor as “s