Jobs for Immigrants (Vol. 3): Labour Market Integration in Austria, Norway and Switzerland

When immigrants arrive in a new country, they are confronted with new labour market requirements such as language proficiency, familiarity with job-search procedures and work practices which they are not always able to satisfy. Over time, this expertise can be acquired. In practice however, differences in employment and earnings persist: experience and qualifications obtained abroad may not be fully equivalent to experience and qualifications acquired in the host country or not recognised as suc