Indeterminacy, the I Ching, and John Cage

The creative use of indeterminacy, i.e., “chance,” is an often overlooked design opportunity despite the universality of change in art, nature, science, and life. How can “chance,” a seemingly capricious phenomenon, be made to work for someone? One controlled use of chance is through the Chinese I Ching “chance operations” method of composer and artist John Cage (1912–1992). This book addresses the questions of how one might approach using this method in landscape architectural design, what the