Flexibility in Constitutions

The Treaty of Amsterdam's closer co-operation paragraphs had the merit of putting a long standing practice of diversity not only into a new straightjacket but also into a new perspective. However it also created new sources of confusion. The Treaty of Nice brought some modifications but no great clarification, leaving the latter to legal practice and, in its absence, to scholarship. This is the challenge picked up by the present book. Its specific approach is to find analogies for these novel EU