European Total Defence

This book analyses the origins, experiences, and challenges of total defence in Europe and comprises a broad spectrum of national case studies as well as one international organisation – NATO. The topic of total defence has been brought to the fore by deglobalisation, augmented international tension, the US pivot to Asia, grey‑zone threats, Covid‑19, and not least by the increased Russian threat during the 2010s, which culminated in the invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The analysis here is based on