Detect and Deter: Can Countries Verify the Nuclear Test Ban?

How can countries verify compliance with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) and detect and deter violations?  It is in their interest to increase their verification readiness because the assessment of compliance with the treaty rests with states parties to the CTBT. The treaty provides countries with two verification elements:  an international system of monitoring stations, and an on-site inspection regime.  The monitoring system can detect nuclear explosions underg