Cardiovascular Disease and Health in the Older Patient

As improvements in living conditions and advances in modern medicine lead to increased life expectancy and the number of older adults world-wide continues to grow, so the number of older individuals with cardiac and cerebrovascular disease is rising. Over eighty per cent of all cardiovascular disease-related deaths now occur in patients aged sixty five or older.  The high prevalence of co-morbidities, frailty and cognitive decline amongst older patients requires that a holistic approach to