Building Defence Capacity in Europe

European states have embarked on the long road to rebuilding their defence capabilities. After decades of underinvestment in the armed forces and the defence-industrial base, the challenges are significant. However, since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, NATO countries have committed to ambitious readiness and war-fighting plans. Against this background, this IISS Strategic Dossier evaluates key areas for building defence capabilities in Europe, including recent developm