Bacterial Conjugation

Bacterial plasmids originating in a wide range of genera are being studied from a variety of perspectives in hundreds of laboratories around the globe. These elements are well known for carrying "special" genes that confer important survival properties, frequently neces­ sary under atypical conditions. Classic examples of plasmid-borne genes are those provid­ ing bacterial resistance to toxic substances such as antibiotics, metal ions, and bacte­ riophage. Often included are those determining