An Introduction to Difference Equations (2nd ed.)

The second edition has greatly benefited from a sizable number of comments and suggestions I received from users of the book. I hope that I have corrected all the er­ rors and misprints in the book. Important revisions were made in Chapters I and 4. In Chapter I, we added two appendices (global stability and periodic solutions). In Chapter 4, we added a section on applications to mathematical biology. Influenced by a friendly and some not so friendly comments about Chapter 8 (previously Chapter